TBHQ
This is what the ingredient is.
TBHQ (tertiary butylhydroquinone) is a synthetic antioxidant derived from butane. Used to preserve fats and oils.
Here is why it shows up on the label.
Antioxidant preservative preventing rancidity in fats and oils. Used in processed foods, cooking oils, and snacks containing fats. Extends shelf life.
Here is what food agencies say.
The FDA has approved it with limits: maximum 0.02% of oil/fat content (21 CFR 172.185). Europe sets a suggested daily limit of up to 0.7 milligrams per kilogram of body weight. It is approved in the US, Europe (as E319), and Canada.
Here is what research has found.
Safety evaluated by regulatory agencies. Effective antioxidant at low concentrations. Some animal studies at high doses show various effects. Human safety data limited.
Here are a few things worth knowing.
Generally safe at approved levels. High doses in animal studies associated with various effects including stomach tumors and DNA damage, though relevance to human dietary exposure unclear. Some individuals report sensitivity. Approved levels considered safe by regulators.
Sources
- FDA 21 CFR 172.185
- EFSA Opinion 2004
- Food Chemical Toxicology studies
How to read this page
We publish plain facts about this ingredient so a label is easier to read. This is not medical advice, and it is not a recommendation to buy, avoid, or use anything. For a personal health question, talk with a clinician who knows your history.